High yield pulping technology

Research focused on raw material, process technology and new or improved products and qualities.

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High yield pulp (HYP) is produced at a yield over 85% from different pulpwoods or annual plants by means of mechanical or combined chemical and mechanical unit processes. The research area is of high industrial importance. All Swedish and Norwegian forest industry companies producing high yield pulps, the world’s primary machine suppliers as well as a number of chemical suppliers are all cooperating together with the HYP research group within FSCN in several projects.

We believe high yield pulps to be a future key material in sustainable products and our mission is to potentiate an increased usage of high yield pulps, even though the demand for newsprint paper grades is drastically decreasing. The research is focused on our primary goals, i.e., helping our industry partners to a new and improved level of knowledge with regard to process efficiency and product development. In order to succeed, we work in a multidisciplinary way engaging university researchers and industry experts in areas ranging from wood and fibre chemistry, paper technology, chemical and mechanical engineering to material physics and control engineering.

The research covers different topics such as wood chipping, mechanical and chemical pre-treatments, high and low consistency refining, bleaching, and further development of nano-scale fibrils. Most of the projects and activities can be categorized into three fields:

Raw material

Understanding the properties of the wood matrix and wood polymers is important already in the chipping process where energy efficiency in the following refining stages can be improved if the chipping process is optimized. Similarly, knowledge of how wood polymers can be softened and swelled by thermal, mechanical and chemical pre-treatments under relevant process conditions is needed to be able to drastically improve process efficiency in refining.

Process technology

Chip refining is responsible for more than 60% of the electric energy consumption in most HYP processes. Increasing refining efficiency is therefore crucial. Examples of projects in this area are focusing on refiner stability and control, replacing part of the high consistency refining by low consistency refining, pre-treatment in combination with intensified refining and developing radically new segment designs for small refiner gaps.

New or improved products and qualities

To make it possible to replace low yield bleached chemical pulps in various products it is essential to reach higher brightness maxima and reduce chemical costs in HYP bleaching. In order to enable a broader use of pulps produced with known low energy refining techniques we also study new combinations of multilayer techniques that can improve the strength properties of the final product. Moreover we are studying the possibilities of rejecting fibre and fines materials detrimental to final product properties from the main line enhancing product quality. The possibilities of utilizing these rejects for more unconventional new purposes are studied in parallel.

Researchers in the area

Professors
Per Engstrand
Per Gradin
Thomas Granfeldt, Adjunct Professor
Magnus Paulsson, Adjunct Professor
Lennart Salmén, Adjunct Professor

Researchers
Olof Björkqvist
Jan-Erik Berg
Birgitta Engberg
Olof Ferritsius
Rita Ferritsius
Sven Norgren
Johan Persson
Gunilla Pettersson
Staffan Nyström
Christer Sandberg

Research projects

EcoMat

EcoSys

e2cmp

FORIC

ModDD

Segment

Publications

Articles in journals
Articles, reviews/surveys
Books
Chapters in books
Conference papers
Doctoral theses, comprehensive summaries
Licentiate theses, comprehensive summaries
Licentiate theses, monographs
Manuscripts
Patents
Reports

Articles in journals

Cordova, A. , Afewerki, S. , Alimohammadzadeh, R. , Sanhueza, I. , Tai, C. , Osong, S. H. , Engstrand, P. & Ibrahem, I. (2019). A sustainable strategy for production and functionalization of nanocelluloses. Pure and Applied Chemistry, vol. 91: 5, pp. 865-874.  

Norgren, R. , Jonsson, A. & Björkqvist, O. (2019). Bio-sludge from the pulp and paper industry as feed for black soldier fly larvae : A study of critical factors for growth and survival. Waste and Biomass Valorization,    

Alimohammadzadeh, R. , Osong, S. H. , Abbaszad Rafi, A. , Dahlström, C. & Cordova, A. (2019). Cellulosic Materials: Sustainable Surface Engineering of Lignocellulose and Cellulose by Synergistic Combination of Metal-Free Catalysis and Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Global Challenges, vol. 3: 7  

Sandberg, C. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2019). Low Consistency Refining Combined with Screen Fractionation : Reduction of Mechanical Pulping Process Complexity. BioResources, vol. 14: 1, pp. 882-894.    

Alimohammadzadeh, R. , Osong, S. H. , Abbaszad Rafi, A. , Dahlström, C. & Cordova, A. (2019). Sustainable Surface Engineering of Lignocellulose and Cellulose by Synergistic Combination of Metal‐Free Catalysis and Polyelectrolyte Complexes. Global Challenges, vol. 3    

Nyström, J. , Gradin, P. & Thörnberg, B. (2018). An experimental study of the chipping process with focus on energy consumption and chipping angles. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 3, pp. 460-467.  

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. & Rundlof, M. (2018). Average fibre length as a measure of the amount of long fibres in mechanical pulps - ranking of pulps may shift. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 3, pp. 468-481.  

Rahman, H. , Engstrand, P. , Sandström, P. & Sjöstrand, B. (2018). Dewatering properties of low grammage handsheets softwood kraft pulps modified to minimize the need for refining. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 3, pp. 397-403.  

Sandberg, C. , Nelsson, E. , Engberg, B. A. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2018). Effects of chip pretreatment and feeding segments on specific energy and pulp quality in TMP production. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 3, pp. 448-459.  

Norgren, S. , Pettersson, G. & Höglund, H. (2018). Strong paper from spruce CTMP - Part II : Effect of pressing at nip press temperatures above the lignin softening temperature. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 1, pp. 142-149.    

Ferritsius, R. , Ferritsius, O. , Hill, J. , Karlström, A. & Eriksson, K. (2018). TMP properties and refiner conditions in a CD82 chip refiner at different operation points. Part II : Comparison of the five tests. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 1, pp. 82-94.  

Ferritsius, R. , Ferritsius, O. , Hill, J. , Karlström, A. & Eriksson, K. (2018). TMP properties and refining conditions in a CD82 chip refiner. Part I : Step changes of process variables, description of the tests. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 33: 1, pp. 69-81.  

Moilanen, C. , Björkqvist, T. , Ovaska, M. , Koivisto, J. , Miksic, A. , Engberg, B. A. , Salminen, L. I. , Saarenrinne, P. & et al. (2017). Influence of strain rate, temperature and fatigue on the radial compression behaviour of Norway spruce. Holzforschung, vol. 71: 6, pp. 505-514.  

Sandberg, C. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2017). Low consistency refining of mechanical pulp - system design. TAPPI Journal, vol. 16: 7, pp. 419-429.

Nelsson, E. , Paulsson, M. , Sandberg, C. , Svensson-Rundlöf, E. & Engstrand, P. (2017). Low dosage sulfite pretreatment at different refining temperatures in mill scale TMP production. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 1, pp. 59-69.    

Sandberg, C. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2017). Mill evaluation of an intensified mechanical pulping process. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 2, pp. 204-210.    

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Hill, J. , Karlström, A. , Ferritsius, J. & Eriksson, K. (2017). Process considerations and its demands on TMP property measurements - A study on tensile index. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 1, pp. 45-53.  

Sandberg, C. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2017). Process intensification in mechanical pulping. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 4, pp. 615-622.    

Pettersson, G. , Norgren, S. & Höglund, H. (2017). Strong paper from spruce CTMP - Part I. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 1, pp. 54-58.  

Afewerki, S. , Alimohammadzadeh, R. , Osong, S. H. , Tai, C. , Engstrand, P. & Cordova, A. (2017). Sustainable Design for the Direct Fabrication and Highly Versatile Functionalization of Nanocelluloses. Global Challenges, vol. 1: 7    

Rahman, H. , Lindström, M. E. , Sandström, P. , Salmen, L. & Engstrand, P. (2017). The effect of increased pulp yield using additives in the softwood kraft cook on the physical properties of low-grammage handsheets. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 32: 3, pp. 317-323.    

Hellström, P. , Heijnesson-Hulten, A. , Paulsson, M. , Hakansson, H. & Germgard, U. (2016). A comparative study of enzymatic and Fenton pretreatment applied to a birch kraft pulp used for MFC production in a pilot scale high-pressure homogenizer. TAPPI Journal, vol. 15: 6, pp. 375-381.

Moilanen, C. S. , Björkqvist, T. , Engberg, B. A. , Salminen, L. I. & Saarenrinne, P. (2016). High strain rate radial compression of Norway spruce earlywood and latewood. Cellulose (London), vol. 23: 1, pp. 873-889.  

Gradin, P. , Berg, J. & Nyström, S. (2016). Measuring Tangential Forces in a Pulp Refiner : A Novel Approach. Experimental techniques (Westport, Conn.), vol. 40: 2, pp. 789-793.  

Osong, S. H. , Dahlström, C. , Forsberg, S. , Andres, B. , Engstrand, P. , Norgren, S. & Engström, A. (2016). Nanofibrillated cellulose/nanographite composite films. Cellulose (London), vol. 23: 4, pp. 2487-2500.  

Marais, A. , Enarsson, L. , Pettersson, G. , Lindström, T. & Wågberg, L. (2016). Pilot-scale papermaking using Layer-by-Layer treated fibres; Comparison between the effects of beating and of sequential addition of polymeric additives. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 31: 2, pp. 308-314.

Karlström, A. , Hill, J. , Ferritsius, R. & Ferritsius, O. (2016). Pulp property development Part II : Process non-linearities and their influence on pulp property development. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 31: 2, pp. 287-299.

Karlström, A. , Hill, J. , Ferritsius, O. & Ferritsius, R. (2016). Pulp property development Part III : Fiber residence time and consistency profile impact on specific energy and pulp properties. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 31: 2, pp. 300-307.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. , Engstrand, P. , Lundberg, M. , Reza, M. & Tapani, V. (2016). Qualitative evaluation of microfibrillated cellulose usingthe crill method and some aspects of microscopy. Cellulose (London), vol. 23: 6, pp. 3611-3624.    

Reyier Österling, S. , Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Johansson, C. & Stångmyr, J. (2016). Weighted averages and distributions of fibre characteristics of mechanical pulps – Part II: Distributions of measured and predicted fibre characteristics by using raw data from an optical fibre analyser. Appita journal, vol. 69: 1, pp. 64-73.

Göransson, K. , Söderlind, U. , Engstrand, P. & Zhang, W. (2015). An experimental study on catalytic bed materials in a biomass dual fluidised bed gasifier. Renewable energy, vol. 81, pp. 251-261.  

Zhang, W. , He, J. , Engstrand, P. & Björkqvist, O. (2015). Economic evaluation on bio-synthetic natural gas production integrated in a thermomechanical pulp mill. Energies, vol. 8: 11, pp. 12795-12809.    

Sandberg, C. & Berg, J. (2015). Effect of flow recirculation on pulp quality and energy efficiency in low consistency refining of mechanical pulp. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 30: 2, pp. 230-233.  

Moilanen, C. S. , Saarenrinne, P. , Engberg, B. A. & Björkqvist, T. (2015). Image-based stress and strain measurement of wood in the split-Hopkinson pressure bar. Measurement science and technology, vol. 26: 8  

Göransson, K. , Söderlind, U. , Henschel, T. , Engstrand, P. & Zhang, W. (2015). Internal tar/CH4 reforming in a biomass dual fluidised bed gasifier.. Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery, vol. 5, pp. 355-366.  

Nelsson, E. , Sandberg, C. , Svensson-Rundlöf, E. , Engstrand, P. , Fernando, D. & Daniel, G. (2015). Low dosage sulfite pretreatment in a modern TMP-line. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 30: 4, pp. 591-598.    

Berg, J. , Sandberg, C. , Engberg, B. A. & Engstrand, P. (2015). Low-consistency refining of mechanical pulp in the light of forces on fibres. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 30: 2, pp. 225-229.    

Karlström, A. , Hill, J. , Ferritsius, R. & Ferritsius, O. (2015). Pulp property development Part I: Interlacing under-sampled pulp properties and TMP process data using piece-wise linear functions. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 30: 4, pp. 599-608.    

Pettersson, G. , Höglund, H. , Norgren, S. , Sjöberg, J. , Peng, F. , Hallgren, H. , Moberg, A. , Ljungqvist, C. & et al. (2015). Strong and bulky paperboard sheets from surface modified CTMP, manufactured at low energy. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 30: 2, pp. 318-324.  

Reyier Österling, S. , Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. & Stångmyr, J. (2015). Weighted averages and distributions of fibre characteristics of mechanical pulps Part I : Various methods of weighting data from an optical analyser can give averages that rank pulps differently. Appita journal, vol. 68: 4, pp. 357-368.

Hellström, L. M. , Biller, S. , Edvardsson, S. & Gradin, P. A. (2014). A theoretical and experimental study of the circular sawing process. Holzforschung, vol. 68: 3, pp. 307-312.  

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Acid Hydrogen Peroxide Treatment of Norway Spruce TMP : The Effect of an Extended pH Range when Catalyzed by Free Ferrous and Free or EDG/EDTA-Chelated Ferric Ions. Journal of wood chemistry and technology, vol. 34: 2, pp. 135-155.  

Norgren, S. & Hoglund, H. (2014). Consolidation of fibre-fibre bonds in TMP and CTMP based papers. Paper Technology, vol. 55: 3, pp. 6-10.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. , Engstrand, P. , Lundberg, M. & Hansen, P. (2014). Crill : A novel technique to characterize nano-ligno-cellulose. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 29: 2, pp. 190-194.  

Hellström, P. , Heijnesson-Hultén, A. , Paulsson, M. , Håkansson, H. & Germgård, U. (2014). Fenton pre-treated microfibrillated cellulose evaluated as a strength enhancer in the middle ply of paperboard. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 29: 4, pp. 732-740.  

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Paper strength improvement by inclusion of nano-ligno-cellulose to Chemi-thermomechanical pulp. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 29: 2, pp. 309-316.  

Enberg, S. , Rundlöf, M. , Paulsson, M. , Axelsson, P. , Eriksen, O. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Some causes of formation of colour during storage of hydrogen-peroxide bleached Norway spruce mechanical pulp. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 29: 2, pp. 356-366.  

Karlsson, A. , Paulsson, M. , Engstrand, P. & Hedenström, E. (2014). Strategies to reduce heat-induced darkening for enhanced bleachability of mechanical pulps. Appita journal, vol. 67: 1, pp. 50-57.

Hellström, P. , Heijnesson-Hultén, A. , Paulsson, M. , Håkansson, H. & Germgård, U. (2014). The effect of Fenton chemistry on the properties of microfibrillated cellulose. Cellulose (London), vol. 21: 3, pp. 1489-1503.  

Enberg, S. , Rundlöf, M. , Paulsson, M. , Axelsson, P. , Eriksen, O. & Engstrand, P. (2014). The influence of process waters on optical properties during storage of hydrogen-peroxide bleached Norway spruce mechanical pulp. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 29: 2, pp. 344-355.    

Isaksson, P. , Gradin, P. A. & Hellström, L. M. (2013). A numerical and experimental study regarding the influence of some process parameters on the damage state in wood chips. Holzforschung, vol. 67: 6, pp. 691-696.  

Lusth, H. , Gradin, P. A. & Hellström, L. M. (2013). A theoretical model for the prediction of energy consumption during the chipper canter process. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 28: 2, pp. 211-215.  

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Hellström, P. (2013). Acid hydrogen peroxide treatment of Norway Spruce TMP : A model study using free ferrous ions and ferric ions chelated with EDTA as catalysts. Journal of wood chemistry and technology, vol. 33: 4, pp. 267-285.  

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2013). An approach to produce nano-ligno-cellulose from mechanical pulp fine materials. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 28: 4, pp. 472-479.      

Ragauskas, A. J. , Paulsson, M. & Goyal, G. (2013). Editorial perspective on bleaching : Today and tomorrow. TAPPI Journal, vol. 12: 10, pp. 5-6.

Fjellström, H. , Engstrand, P. & Htun, M. (2013). ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN WOOD FIBRE WALL SWELLING, CHARGED GROUPS, AND DELAMINATION DURING REFINING. J-FOR-JOURNAL OF SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY FOR FOREST PRODUCTS AND PROCESSES, vol. 3: 4, pp. 30-34.  

Fjellström, H. , Engstrand, P. & Htun, M. (2013). On the relationship between wood fibre wall swelling, charged groups, and delamination during refining. Journal of Science & Technology for Forest Products and Processes, vol. 3: 4, pp. 30-34.

He, J. , Engstrand, P. , Björkqvist, O. & Zhang, W. (2013). Techno-economic evaluation of a mechanical pulp mill with gasification. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 28: 3, pp. 349-357.  

Enberg, S. , Rundlöf, M. , Paulsson, M. , Johnsen, I. A. & Axelsson, P. (2013). The influence of process conditions during pulp storage on the optical properties of Norway spruce mechanical pulps. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 28: 2, pp. 203-210.  

Edvardsson, S. , Gradin, P. , Isaksson, P. & Gulliksson, M. (2012). A Note on Wet Paper Web Adhesion Strength. Journal of Testing and Evaluation, vol. 40: 4, pp. 682-686.  

Andersson, S. , Sandberg, C. & Engstrand, P. (2012). Comparison of mechanical pulps from two stage HC single disc and HC double disc - LC refining. Appita journal, vol. 65: 1, pp. 57-62.

Karlsson, A. , Enberg, S. , Rundlöf, M. , Paulsson, M. & Edström, P. (2012). Determining optical properties of mechanical pulps : Sheetmaking procedure and investigation of different ways to evaluate light absorption. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 3, pp. 531-541.    

Ferritsius, R. , Reyier Österling, S. & Ferritsius, O. (2012). Development of TMP fibers in LC- and HC-refining. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 5, pp. 860-871.  

Andersson, S. , Sandberg, C. & Engstrand, P. (2012). Effect of long fibre concentration on low consistency refining of mechanical pulp. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 4, pp. 702-706.    

Hellström, L. , Carlberg, T. , Engstrand, P. , Gradin, P. & Gregersen, Ø. (2012). Evaluation Of Collimated Chipping Technology For Reducing Energy Consumption In Mechanical Pulping. Journal of Science & Technology for Forest Products and Processes, vol. 2: 3, pp. 6-9.

Hafrén, J. , Nelsson, E. , Gerritsen, H. C. & Bader, A. N. (2012). Optical properties of thermomechanical pulp (TMP) obtained from sulfite-pretreated Norway spruce with focus on two-photon spectral imaging (TPSI). Holzforschung, vol. 66: 7, pp. 817-824.  

Nelsson, E. , Sandberg, C. , Hildén, L. & Daniel, G. (2012). Pressurised compressive chip pre-treatment of Norway spruce with a mill scale Impressafiner. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 1, pp. 056-062.  

Gorski, D. , Johansson, L. & Engstrand, P. (2012). Refiner bleaching in a peroxide-based ATMP process compared with conventional bleaching. Holzforschung, vol. 66: 3, pp. 275-281.  

Salmi, A. , Salminen, L. I. , Engberg, B. A. , Bjorkqvist, T. & Haeggstrom, E. (2012). Repetitive impact loading causes local plastic deformation in wood. Journal of Applied Physics, vol. 111: 2, pp. Art. no. 024901  

Fernando, D. , Muhic, D. , Engstrand, P. & Daniel, G. (2012). Surface and internal micro/ultrastructure of TMP fibres produced during high-intensity refining elucidate the development of pulp and paper properties. Holzforschung, vol. 66: 4, pp. 467-475.  

Lusth, H. , Gradin, P. A. & Hellström, L. M. (2012). The dependency of energy consumption on cutting angles in the canter chipping process. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 5, pp. 886-889.    

Andersson, S. , Sandberg, C. & Engstrand, P. (2012). The effect of rotor position on pulp properties in a two-zoned low consistency refiner. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 3, pp. 525-530.    

Reyier Österling, S. , Ferritsius, O. & Ferritsius, R. (2012). The influence of fiber dimensions on mechanical pulp long fiber tensile index and density. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 5, pp. 844-859.    

Björkqvist, T. , Engberg, B. A. , Salminen, L. I. & Salmi, A. (2012). Towards optimal defibration : Energy reduction by fatiguing pre-treatment. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 27: 2, pp. 168-172.      

Hellström, L. , Gradin, P. , Gulliksson, M. & Carlberg, T. (2011). A laboratory wood chipper for chipping under realistic conditions. Experimental mechanics, vol. 51: 8, pp. 1309-1316.  

Gradin, P. , Isaksson, P. & Gulliksson, M. (2011). A Note on the Co-linearity of forces and Displacements in an Elastic Structure. Journal of Applied Fluid Mechanics, vol. 78: 6, pp. Art. no. 4003912  

Muhic, D. , Huhtanen, J. , Sundström, L. , Sandberg, C. , Ullmar, M. , Engstrand, P. & Vuorio, P. (2011). Energy efficiency in double disc refining. Influence of intensity by segment design. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 26: 3, pp. 224-231.    

Fernando, D. , Muhic, D. , Engstrand, P. & Daniel, G. (2011). Fundamental understanding of pulp property development under different thermomechanical pulp refining conditions as observed by a new Simons' staining method and SEM observation of the ultrastructure of fibre surfaces. Holzforschung, vol. 65: 6, pp. 777-786.  

Edvardsson, S. , Gradin, P. & Isaksson, P. (2011). On dissipative effects of paper web adhesion strength. International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 48: 1, pp. 24-30.  

Gorski, D. , Mörseburg, K. , Axelsson, P. & Engstrand, P. (2011). Peroxide-based ATMP refining of spruce : energy efficiency, fibre properties and pulp quality. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 26: 1, pp. 47-63.    

Hellström, L. , Gradin, P. , Engstrand, P. & Gregersen, Ø. (2011). Properties of wood chips for thermomechanical pulp (TMP) production as a function of spout angle. Holzforschung, vol. 65: 6, pp. 805-809.  

Isaksson, P. , Gradin, P. & Östlund, S. (2010). A simplified treatise of the Scott bond testing method. Experimental mechanics, vol. 50: 6, pp. 745-751.  

Logenius, L. , Agnemo, R. & Höglund, H. (2010). A study of the formation and elimination of chromophores in wood under mechanical pulping conditions using spectroscopy. Paperi ja puu - Paper and timber, vol. 92: 5, pp. 35-39.

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Wackerberg, E. (2010). Energy efficient refining of Black spruce TMP by using acid hydrogen peroxide : Part 3. Chemical and morphological characterisation. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 36: 1-2, pp. 2-9.

Björkqvist, O. , Engstrand, P. , Htun, M. & Norgren, M. (2010). FORE – Ett nytt industrikombinat baserat på mekaniska massaprocesser. Svensk papperstidning, Nordisk cellulosa, : 2, pp. 24-25.  

Muhic, D. , Sundström, L. , Sandberg, C. , Ullmar, M. & Engstrand, P. (2010). Influence of temperature on energy efficiency in double disc chip refining. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 25: 4, pp. 420-427.  

Gorski, D. , Engstrand, P. , Hill, J. , Axelsson, P. & Johansson, L. (2010). Mg(OH)(2)-based hydrogen peroxide refiner bleaching: influence of extractives content in dilution water on pulp properties and energy efficiency. Appita journal, vol. 63: 3, pp. 218-225.

Olsen, M. , Gradin, P. , Lindefelt, U. & Olin, H. (2010). Nonharmonic oscillations of nanosized cantilevers due to quantum-size effects. Physical Review B Condensed Matter, vol. 81: 5, pp. 054304      

Björkqvist, O. , Idefeldt, J. & Larsson, A. (2010). Risk Assessment of New Pricing Strategies in the District Heating Market : A Case Study at Sundsvall Energi AB. Energy Policy, vol. 38: 5, pp. 2171-2178.  

Hellström, L. M. , Isaksson, P. , Gradin, P. A. & Eriksson, K. (2009). An Analytical and Numerical Study of some aspects of the Wood Chipping Process. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 2, pp. 225-230.    

Bäckström, M. , Hammar, L. & Htun, M. (2009). Beatability and runnability studies of ion-exchanged unbleached kraft pulps on a pilot scale. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 1, pp. 94-100.    

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Wackerberg, E. (2009). Energy efficient refining of Black spruce TMP by using acid hydrogen peroxide : Part 1. A pilot plant study. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 3, pp. 255-265.    

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Wackerberg, E. (2009). Energy efficient refining of Black spruce TMP by using acid hydrogen peroxide : Part 2. Washing, chelating and bleaching studies. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 3, pp. 266-272.    

Svensson, B. A. , Nyström, S. K. , Gradin, P. A. & Höglund, H. (2009). Frictional testing of wood : Initial studies with a new device. Tribology International, vol. 42: 1, pp. 190-196.  

Norgren, S. & Höglund, H. (2009). Irreversible long fibre collapse at high temperature refining in a TMP system : Effects on fibre and surface properties. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 1, pp. 19-24.    

Berg, J. , Gulliksson, M. E. & Gradin, P. A. (2009). On the energy consumption for crack development in fibre wall in disc refining - A micromechanical approach. Holzforschung, vol. 63: 2, pp. 204-210.  

Isaksson, P. & Gradin, P. (2009). Shear buckling in the core of a corrugated board structure. Composite structures, vol. 88: 4, pp. 610-614.  

Fjellström, H. , Höglund, H. , Paulsson, M. & Forsberg, S. (2009). The UV-screening properties of coating layers : The influence of pigments, binders and additives. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 24: 2, pp. 206-212.    

Hellström, L. M. , Gradin, P. A. & Carlberg, T. (2008). A Method for Experimental Investigation of the Wood Chipping Process. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 3, pp. 339-342.    

Holmgren, S. , Svensson, B. A. , Gradin, P. A. & Lundberg, B. (2008). An Encapsulated Split Hopkinson Pressure Bar for Testing of Wood at Elevated Strain Rate, Temperature and Pressure. Experimental techniques (Westport, Conn.), vol. 32: 5, pp. 44-50.  

Bäckström, M. , Kolar, M. & Htun, M. (2008). Characterisation of fines from unbleached kraft pulps and their impact on sheet properties. Holzforschung, vol. 62: 5, pp. 546-552.  

Fjellström, H. , Höglund, H. , Paulsson, M. & Rundlöf, M. (2008). Discolouration of mechanical and chemimechanical pulps : influence of wood raw material, process and ageing method. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 1, pp. 14-18.    

Sikter, D. , Karlström, A. , Sandberg, C. & Engstrand, P. (2008). Economic perspectives on quality control in TMP refining processes. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 3, pp. 305-314.    

Sjöberg, J. C. , Häggquist, M. , Wikström, M. , Lindström, T. & Höglund, H. (2008). Effects of pressurised high consistency refining on sheet density. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 1, pp. 39-45.    

Klinga, N. , Höglund, H. & Sandberg, C. (2008). Energy efficient high quality CTMP for paperboard. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 34: 2, pp. 98-106.

Norgren, S. , Gradin, P. A. , Nyström, S. & Gullikson, M. (2008). Investigation of the z-direction strength properties of paper by use of acoustic emission monitoring. Journal of Acoustic Emission, vol. 26, pp. 23-31.

Reyier, S. , Ferritsius, O. & Shagaev, O. (2008). Measuring the bonding ability distribution of fibers in mechanical pulps. TAPPI Journal, vol. 7: 12, pp. 26-32.

Norgren, S. & Höglund, H. (2008). Moisture-induced surface roughness in TMP sheets. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 34: 3, pp. 139-146.

Logenius, L. , Friman, L. & Agnemo, R. (2008). The influence of temperature and moisture on the optical properties of cellulose in the presence of metal chlorides and glucuronic acid. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 1, pp. 72-80.    

Logenius, L. , Friman, L. & Agnemo, R. (2008). The influence of temperature and moisture on the physical properties of cellulose in the presence of metal chlorides and glucuronic acid. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 23: 1, pp. 81-86.    

Gradin, P. , Graham, D. , Nygård, P. & Vallen, H. (2008). The Use of Acoustic Emission Monitoring to Rank Paper Materials With Respect to their Fracture Toughness. Experimental mechanics, vol. 48: 1, pp. 133-137.  

Fjellström, H. , Höglund, H. , Forsberg, S. , Paulsson, M. & Rundlöf, M. (2007). A novel method of studying the ability of coating layer to retard the photo-yellowing of the base paper. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 3, pp. 343-349.    

Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. & Uesaka, T. (2007). Basic mechanisms of fluting formation and retention in paper. Mechanics of materials (Print), vol. 39: 7, pp. 643-663.  

Torgnysdotter, A. , Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. & Wågberg, L. (2007). Fiber/Fiber crosses : Finite Element Modelling and Comparison with Experiment. Journal of composite materials, vol. 41: 13, pp. 1603-1608.  

Svensson, B. , Vesterlind, E. & Höglund, H. (2007). Frictional properties of native and chemically modified birch wood. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 3, pp. 325-330.    

Pettersson, G. , Sjöberg, J. , Wågberg, L. , Höglund, H. & Averheim, A. (2007). Increased joint-forming ability of ductile kraft pulp fibres by polyelectrolyte multilayer treatment-Influence of refining and drying strategies. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 2, pp. 228-235.    

Fjellström, H. , Höglund, H. , Forsberg, S. & Paulsson, M. (2007). Inhibition of light-induced brightness reversion of high-yield pulps : the UV-screening properties of coating layers containing kaolin or calcium carbonate pigments. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 3, pp. 350-355.    

Fjellström, H. , Höglund, H. & Paulsson, M. (2007). Light-induced yellowing of mechanical and chemimechanical pulp sheets : influence of wood raw material, process and ageing method. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 1, pp. 117-123.    

Krusper, A. , Isaksson, P. & Gradin, P. A. (2007). Modelling of out-of-plane compression loading of corrugated paper board structures. Journal of engineering mechanics, vol. 133: 11, pp. 1171-1177.  

Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. & Kuivurova, H. (2007). Modelling the dynamical behaviour of a paper web : Part I. Computers and Structures, vol. 85: 3-4, pp. 131-147.  

Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. & Kuivurova, H. (2007). Modelling the dynamical behaviour of a paper web : Part II. Computers and Structures, vol. 85: 3-4, pp. 148-157.  

Klinga, N. , Höglund, H. & Sandberg, C. (2007). Paper properties of TMP and CTMP handsheets from spruce, as affected by the press load and temperature during sheet drying. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 4, pp. 468-474.    

Klinga, N. , Höglund, H. & Sandberg, C. (2007). Paper properties of TMP and CTMP handsheets from spruce, as affected by the solids content from pressing. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 4, pp. 475-480.    

Sjöberg, J. & Höglund, H. (2007). Refining systems for sack paper, Part II : Plug screw and Bivis treatment under pressurised conditions and subsequent LC refining. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 22: 1, pp. 61-71.    

Isaksson, P. , Krusper, A. & Gradin, P. A. (2007). Shear correction factors for corrugated core structures. Composite structures, vol. 80: 1, pp. 123-130.  

Norgren, M. , Gärdlund, L. , Notley, S. M. , Htun, M. & Wågberg, L. (2007). Smooth model surfaces from lignin derivatives : II. Adsorption of polyelectrolytes and PECs monitored by QCM-D. Langmuir, vol. 23: 7, pp. 3737-3743.  

Torgnysdotter, A. , Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. & Wågberg, L. (2007). The Link Between the Fiber Contact Zone and the Physical Properties of Paper : A Way to Control Paper Properties. Journal of composite materials, vol. 41: 13, pp. 1619-1633.  

Vesterlind, E. & Höglund, H. (2006). A method to optimise birch CTMP pre-treatments by direct measurement of brightness on birch wood. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 21: 3, pp. 419-425.    

Vesterlind, E. & Höglund, H. (2006). Chemitermomechanical pulp made from birch at high temperature. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 21: 2, pp. 216-221.    

Batchelor, W. J. , Westerlind, B. S. , Hägglund, R. & Gradin, P. (2006). Effect of test conditions on measured loads and displacements in zero-span testing. TAPPI Journal, vol. 5: 10, pp. 3-8.

Svensson, B. (2006). Friktionens inverkan på energiförbrukning vid mekanisk massaframställning. Nordisk Papper & Massa, vol. 7: 6, pp. 20-22.

Svensson, B. , Rundlöf, M. & Höglund, H. (2006). Sliding Friction Between Wood and Steel in a Saturated Steam Environment. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 32: 1, pp. 38-43.

Isaksson, P. , Kulachenko, A. & Gradin, P. A. (2006). The onset and progression of damage in isotropic paper sheets. International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 43: 3-4, pp. 713-726.  

Pettersson, G. , Höglund, H. & Wågberg, L. (2006). The use of polyelectrolyte multilayers of cationic starch and CMC to enhance strength properties of papers formed from mixtures of unbleached chemical pulp and CTMP : Part I. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 21: 1, pp. 115-121.    

Pettersson, G. , Höglund, H. & Wågberg, L. (2006). The use of polyelectrolyte multilayers of cationic starch and CMC to enhance strength properties of papers formed from mixtures of unbleached chemical pulp and CTMP-II : Part II: Influnence of addition strategy, fibre treatment and fibre type. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 21: 1, pp. 122-128.    

Isaksson, P. & Gradin, P. A. (2005). A bending specimen for constant energy release rate under controlled displacement conditions. Engineering Fracture Mechanics, vol. 72: 11, pp. 1770-1775.  

Kulachenko, A. , Gradin, P. A. & Westerlind, B. (2005). Analysis of Paper Web Tension Profiles. Journal of Graphic Technology, : 2, pp. 72-81.

Eriksson, M. , Pettersson, G. & Wågberg, L. (2005). Application of polymeric multilayers of starch onto wood fibres to enhance strength properties of paper. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 20: 3, pp. 270-275.    

Sjöberg, J. & Höglund, H. (2005). Refining system for sack paper pulp: Part I HC refining under pressurised conditions and subsequent LC refining. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 20: 3, pp. 320-328.    

Wågberg, L. , Pettersson, G. & Notley, S. (2004). Adsorption of bilayers and multilayers of cationic and anionic copolymers of acrylamide on silcon oxide. Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, vol. 274: 2, pp. 480-488.  

Isaksson, P. , Hägglund, R. & Gradin, P. (2004). Continuum damage mechanics applied to paper. International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 41: 16-17, pp. 4731-4755.  

Norgren, S. , Höglund, H. & Bäck, R. (2004). Irreversible long fibre collapse at high temperature TMP reject refining - initial studies. Pulp & paper Canada, vol. 105: 7, pp. 47-51.

Hägglund, R. , Gradin, P. & Tarakameh, D. (2004). Some Aspects on the Zero-span tensile test. Experimental mechanics, vol. 44: 4, pp. 365-374.  

Friman, L. , Höglund, H. , Högberg, H. & Agnemo, R. (2004). Tannin-iron impregnated thermomechanical pulp : Part I: Effects of extractions and heat on brightness. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 19: 2, pp. 229-236.    

Friman, L. , Höglund, H. , Högberg, H. & Agnemo, R. (2004). Tannin-iron impregnated thermomechanical pulp : Part II: Bleachability and brightness reversion. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 19: 4, pp. 525-531.    

Semb, G. , Gradin, P. & Hällgren, I. (2003). An Analytical Study of a Composite Dove Tail Joint. Journal of Composite Materials, vol. 37: 2, pp. 99-109.

Friman, L. , Logenius, L. , Agnemo, R. & Högberg, H. (2003). Comparison of metal profiles in thermomechanical pulping processes in which either hydrogen peroxide or dithionite bleaching is used. Paperi ja Puu/Paper and timber, vol. 85: 6, pp. 334-339.

Semb, G. & Gradin, P. A. (2002). Stresses and Strains in a Race Track Strap with a radical clearance. International Journal of Solids and Structures, vol. 39: 3, pp. 699-708.  

Widehammar, S. , Gradin, P. & Lundberg, B. (2001). Approximate determination of Dispersion Relations and Displacement Fields Associated With Elastic Waves in Bars. Journal of Sound and Vibration, vol. 246: 5, pp. 853-876.  

Berg, J. (2001). Effect of impact velocity on the fracture of wood as related to the mechanical pulping process. Wood Science and Technology, vol. 35: 4, pp. 343-351.  

Berg, J. & Gradin, P. A. (2000). Effect of Temperature on Fracture of Spruce in Compression, Investigated by Use of Acoustic Emission Monitoring. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 26: 8, pp. 294-299.

Rundlöf, M. , Htun, M. , Höglund, H. & Wågberg, L. (2000). Mechanical pulp fines of poor quality - Characteristics and influence of white water. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 26: 9, pp. 308-316.

Rundlöf, M. , Htun, M. , Höglund, H. & Wågberg, L. (2000). The importance of the experimental method when evaluating the quality of fines of mechanical pulps. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science (JPPS), vol. 26: 9, pp. 301-307.

Berg, J. & Gradin, P. A. (1999). A Micromechanical Model of the Deterioration of a Wood Fibre. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, vol. 25: 2, pp. 66-71.

Gradin, P. A. , Johansson, O. , Berg, J. & Nyström, S. (1999). Measurement of the Power Distribution in a Single Disc Refiner. Journal of Pulp and Paper Science, vol. 25: 11, pp. 384-387.

Paulsson, M. , Simonson, R. & Westermark, U. (1995). Chemical modification of lignin-rich paper : Part 2. Photostabilization by acetylation of paper made from spruce TMP and aspen CTMP. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 10: 1, pp. 62-67.

Li, S. , Lundquist, K. & Paulsson, M. (1995). Synthesis of guaiacylglycerol β-guaiacyl ether. Acta Chemica Scandinavica, vol. 49: 8, pp. 623-624.

Paulsson, M. , Simonson, R. & Westermark, U. (1994). Chemical modification of lignin-rich paper : Part 1. Acetylation of paper made from spruce TMP and aspen CTMP. Evaluation of paper properties.. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 9: 4, pp. 232-236.

Hagen, N. & Berg, J. (1989). Filtration theory as applied to the dimensioning of flat band washers. TAPPI Journal, vol. 72: 6, pp. 93-96.

Nelsson, E. , Sandberg, C. , Svensson-Rundlöf, E. , Muhic, D. , Engberg, B. A. & Engstrand, P. (). Substantially improved energy efficiency in mechanical pulping by new feeding segment design and low dosage sulfonation in mill scale. ,

Articles, reviews/surveys

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2016). Processing of wood-based microfibrillated cellulose and nanofibrillated cellulose, and applications relating to papermaking: a review. Cellulose (London), vol. 23: 1, pp. 93-123.  

Enberg, S. , Opdal, Ø. , Axelsson, P. , Eriksen, Ø. , Rundlöf, M. & Paulsson, M. (2015). Mapping and modelling of optical properties from pulp to super calendered paper. Appita journal, vol. 68: 2, pp. 128-138

Paulsson, M. & Parkås, J. (2012). Review: Light-Induced Yellowing Of Lignocellulosic Pulps - Mechanisms And Preventive Methods. BioResources, vol. 7: 4, pp. 5995-6040.    

Gorski, D. , Hill, J. , Engstrand, P. & Johansson, L. (2010). Review: Reduction of energy consumption in TMP refining through mechanical pre-treatment of wood chips. Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, vol. 25: 2, pp. 156-161.    

Books

Björkqvist, O. (1996). Perspectives on Demand Side Management.

Chapters in books

Höglund, H. (2009). Mechanical Pulping. In Pulping Chemistry and Technology. Stockholm : KTH Royal Institute of Technology. pp. 57-90.  

Engstrand, P. & Johansson, B. (2009). Paper recycling. In Pulping Chemistry and Technology. Walter de Gruyter (Pulp and Paper Chemistry and Technology). pp. 391-427.  

Conference papers

Engstrand, P. , Ferritsius, R. , Rundlöf, M. & Paulsson, M. (2019). Decrease in strengthalong a process line for SC paper. In Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, FMPRS2019, Norrköping, SwedenArranged by Mid Sweden University in cooperatrion with Holmen AB, Valmet AB, AF AB and Treesearch..

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Ferritsius, J. & Rundlöf, M. (2019). Heterogeneity. In Heterogeneity.

Rahman, H. , An, S. , Norlin, B. , Fröjdh, C. , Persson, E. & Engstrand, P. (2019). Maximized wood chip impregnation efficiency validated by new miniaturized X-ray fluorescence techniques. Paper presented at the 11th Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, Norrköping, Sweden, April 2-4, 2019  

Rahman, H. & Engstrand, P. (2019). Modification of Softwood Kraft Pulp for Improved Tissue Paper. In TAPPI PaperCon Conference, Indianapolis, USA, May 5-8, 2019.

Fiskari, J. , Ferritsius, R. , Osong, S. H. , Persson, A. , Höglund, T. & Norgren, M. (2018). Deep Eutectic Solvent Treatment to Low-Energy TMP to Produce Fibers for Papermaking. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Samuelsson, T. , Pettersson, G. , Norgren, S. , Svedberg, A. , Höglund, H. & Engstrand, P. (2018). Development of strong and water resistant packaging materials from high yield pulps – fundamental aspects. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Persson, J. , Engberg, B. A. & Granfeldt, T. (2018). Feeding of double disc refiners - modeling of particle flow. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Nordin, T. , Svedberg, A. , Norgren, S. , Pettersson, G. & Engstrand, P. (2018). Industrially Relevant In-situ Production Of High Yield Pulp Based Nanocellulose Materials Optimized To Improve Strength In Packaging And Printing Papers : A Comparison Between CMC And MFC As The Anionic Component In Layer-by-Layer Technology. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Sandberg, C. , Berg, J. & Engstrand, P. (2018). LC refining combined with screen fractionation – Reduction of system complexity for mechanical pulping. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Alimohammadzadeh, R. , Osong, S. H. , Dahlström, C. & Cordova, A. (2018). Scalable Improvement of the Strength Properties of Chemimechanical Pulp Fibers by Eco-Friendly Catalysis. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Rundlöf, M. , Engberg, B. A. & Engstrand, P. (2018). The Independent State of Fibres in Relation to the Mechanical Pulping World. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Rubiano Berna, J. E. , Sandberg, C. , Martinez, D. M. & Olson, J. A. (2018). Theoretical Study of Systems Composed of Low Consistency Refining and Pressure Screening. In IMPC 2018. Trondheim, Norway :

Pettersson, G. , Höglund, H. , Norgren, S. , Engstrand, P. , Peng, F. , Granfeldt, T. , Bergström, J. & Joelsson, T. (2018). Upgrading the strength properties of sheets from hardwood high yield pulps. In Pan Pacific Fibre Value Chain Conference 2018, Proceedings.. pp. 142--147.

Hedlund, A. , Stengard, A. & Björkqvist, O. (2017). A simulation-based method for evaluation of energy system cooperation between pulp and paper mills and a district heating system : A case study. In 19 World academy of science, engineering and technology conference proceedings.. pp. 1158--1164.

Große, C. , Olausson, P. M. , Danielsson, E. , Larsson, A. , Wallman Lundåsen, S. , Björkqvist, O. & Nyhlén, J. (2017). Collaboration and Decision-making in Response Planning for Power Shortages : The Swedish Policy. Paper presented at the ISSRM

Sandberg, C. , Ferritsius, O. & Ferritsius, R. (2017). Energy efficiency in mechanical pulping. Paper presented at the 10th Fundamental Mechanical Pulping Research Seminar, Jyväskylä, Finland, 13–14 of June, 2017

Johansson, O. , Fernando, D. , Fenitsius, R. , Daniel, G. & Ferritsius, O. (2016). Advancements in optical analysis yields new insight to mechanical pulping processes in an efficient and inexpensive way. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 267--276.

Eriksson, K. , Ferritsius, R. , Ferritsius, O. & Hill, J. (2016). Benefits from improved stability in process conditions and pulp properties-a double disc refiner case study. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 317--327.

Ferritsius, R. , Sandberg, C. , Ferritsius, O. , Rundlöf, M. , Daniel, G. , Mörseburg, K. & Fernando, D. (2016). Development of Fiber Properties in Full Scale HC and LC Refining. In TAPPI conference proceedings.

Engstrand, P. (2016). Energy efficient mechanical pulping – summary of the Scandinavian industry initiative research work 2011 - 2015. In 2016 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, Jacksonville, Florida, USA  September 28-30, 2016 : SESSION 11: INDUSTRY INITIATIVE FOR ENERGY REDUCTION. Georgia 30092 USA : . pp. 288--303.

Engstrand, P. , Gradin, P. , Hellström, L. , Carlberg, T. , Sandström, P. , Liden, J. , Söderberg, M. & Mats, E. (2016). Improved refining energy efficiency in thermo-mechanical pulping by means of collimated wood chipping – from solid mechanics to full scale evaluation. In PaperWeek Canada 2016 Conference February 1 to 5, 2016, Montreal : Technical Track Program.

Pettersson, G. , Norgren, S. , Höglund, H. & Engstrand, P. (2016). Low energy CTMP in strong and bulky paperboard plies. In Paper Conference and Trade Show, PaperCon 2016.. pp. 556--564.

Nelsson, E. , Sandberg, C. , Svensson-Rundlöf, E. , Paulsson, M. , Granfeldt, T. , Engberg, B. & Engstrand, P. (2016). Mill scale production of TMP with double disk refining-The effects of a mild sulfonation, atmospheric preheating and refining temperatures. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 249--259.

Moilanen, C. , Biörkgvist, T. , Ovaska, M. , Koivisto, J. , Miksic, A. , Engberg, B. , Salminen, L. , Saarenrinne, P. & et al. (2016). Modelling and simulation of radial spruce compression to optimize energy efficiency in mechanical pulping. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 18--35.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. , Pettersson, G. , Engstrand, P. , Còrdova, A. , Afewerki, S. & Alimohammadzadeh, R. (2016). Processing of nanocellulose and applications relating to CTMP-based paperboard and foams. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 87--93.

Eriksson, K. , Ferritsius, J. , Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Hill, J. , Karlstrorrp, A. & Merseburg, K. (2016). Proper pulp sampling pre-requisite to any pulp property assessment. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 1--11.

Norgren, R. , Fröling, M. & Björkqvist, O. (2016). Pulp mill bio-sludge - sludge properties and recycling. In Proceedings of 5th International Conference on Industrial & Hazardous Waste Management, September 27th-30th, 2016, Chania, Kreta..    

Karlström, A. & Engstrand, P. (2016). Refining efficiency for future CTIVIP and TMP systems co-optimizing fundamental wood material knowledge with a soft sensor control approach. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 304--316.

Pettersson, G. , Norgren, S. & Höglund, H. (2016). Strong paper from spruce CTMP. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 229--233.

Sandberg, C. , Engstrand, P. & Berg, J. (2016). System Aspects on Low Consistency Refining of Mechanical Pulp. In TAPPI 2016 International Mechanical Pulping Conference (IMPC).. pp. 485--495.

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Hill, J. , Eriksson, K. , Mörseburg, K. & Ferritsius, J. (2016). Untaught experiences regarding common practice and standards for sampling, characterization, control, and Design of TMP and CTMP operations. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2016, IMPC 2016.. pp. 12--17.

Henshaw Osong, S. , Dahlström, C. , Forsberg, S. , Andres, B. , Engstrand, P. , Norgren, S. , Olin, H. & Engström, A. (2015). Development of CTMP-based nanofibrillated Cellulose /nanographite composites for paper applications. Paper presented at the 9th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, 19-20May, Trondheim, Norway

Osong, S. H. (2015). Development of nanofibrillated cellulose/nanographite composites for paper applications. In TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials 2015.. pp. 35--55.

Osong, S. H. (2015). Development of nanofibrillated cellulose/nanographite composites for paper applications. In Cellulose Materials Doctoral Students Summer Conference 2015. Aalto University, Finland : (Aalto University publication series SCIENCE + TECHNOLOGY)

Norgren, R. , Fröling, M. & Björkqvist, O. (2015). Industrial Symbiosis solutions for recycling of biosludge from the pulp industry. In Proceedings of Global Cleaner Production & Sustainable Consumption Conference  1 - 4 November 2015, Sitges, Barcelona, Spain.  

Hill, J. , Karlström, A. , Ferritsius, R. & Ferritsius, O. (2015). Pulp property development – inside the gap perspective. Paper presented at the 9th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, Trondheim, Norway, May 19-20, 2015

Eriksson, K. , Karlström, A. , Ferritsius, R. , Ferritsius, O. & Hill, J. (2015). Recent advances in modelling and control of TMP refining processes. Paper presented at the 9th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, Trondheim, Norway, 19-20 May, 2015

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. , Hill, J. & Ferritsius, J. (2015). Some insights regarding standards and common practice. Paper presented at the 9th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, 19-20 May, Trondheim, Norway, 2015

Logenius, L. , Fjellström, H. & Engstrand, P. (2014). A sustainable analysis of sulphonic acid content in CTMP pulps. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014, part of PulPaper 2014 Conference. Espoo :

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Acid hydrogen peroxide treatment of Norway spruce TMP : The effect of chelated ferric ions. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Ferritsius, O. , Mörseburg, K. & Ferritsius, R. (2014). Bat of CTMP and TMP plants with respect to quality development and energy efficiency. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

He, J. , Engstrand, P. & Zhang, W. (2014). Bio-SNG production in a TMP Mill in comparison with BIGCC. In Energy Procedia.. pp. 2894--2897.    

Karlström, A. , Hill, J. , Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Can we increase the proportion of electrical energy into fibre development in existing HC-refiners?. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. , Engstrand, P. , Lundberg, M. & Hansen, P. (2014). Development of nano-ligno-cellulose produced from mechanical pulp. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Salmen, L. , Viforr, S. , Mårtensson, T. , Sixta, H. , Ylönen, T. , Fernando, D. , Daniel, G. , Sandström, P. & et al. (2014). Enzymatic chip treatment for TMP - Prospects. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Norgren, S. , Pettersson, G. & Höglund, H. (2014). High strength papers from high yield pulps. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014. (International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014)

Nelsson, E. , Sandberg, C. , Svensson-Rundlöf, E. , Muhic, D. , Rohdén, L. , A. Engberg, B. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Improved energy efficiency in thermomechanical pulping through co-optimixation of intensity by segment design and wood softening by sulfonation. In International mechanical pulping conference IMPC 2014.

Göransson, K. , Söderlind, U. , Henschel, T. , Engstrand, P. & Zhang, W. (2014). Internal tar/CH4 reforming in a biomass dual fluidised bed gasifier. In Proceeding of 4th International Symposium on Gasification and its Applications.

Berg, J. , Sandberg, C. , Engberg, B. & Engstrand, P. (2014). LC Refining Intensity In The Light Of Forces On Fibres. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014. Espoo :

Ferritsius, R. , Sandberg, C. & Ferritsius, O. (2014). LC-refining of mechanical pulps and its influence on fiber curl and handsheet strength properties. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Moilanen, C. , Engberg, B. A. , Björkqvist, T. , Salminen, L. & Saarenrinne, P. (2014). Local compression behaviour of pre-fatigured and chemically pre-treated wood at high strain rate and high temperature. Paper presented at the International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014; Helsinki; Finland; 2 June 2014 through 5 June 2014; Code 109275

Engberg, B. , Logenius, L. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Mechanical properties of sulphonated wood in relation to wing refiner properties. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014. Espoo :

Ferritsius, R. , Hill, J. , Ferritsius, O. & Karlstrom, A. (2014). On energy efficiency in chip refining. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2014). Recent developments in nano-ligno-cellulose production and the crill characterization technique. In TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials 2014.. pp. 193--205.

Pettersson, G. , Höglund, H. , Sjöberg, J. C. , Peng, F. , Bergström, J. , Solberg, D. , Norgren, S. , Hallgren, H. & et al. (2014). Strong and bulky paperboard plies from low energy CTMP. In International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2014.

Moilanen, C. S. , Saarenrinne, P. , Engberg, B. & Björkqvist, T. (2013). Image Based local strain measurement of wood. In Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series.  

Osong, S. H. , Engstrand, P. & Norgren, S. (2013). Mechanical Properties of high-yield pulp handsheets, as affected by blends of Nano-ligno-cellulose. Paper presented at the 2013 TAPPI International Conference on Nanotechnology for Renewable Materials, Stockholm, Sweden , 24-27 June 2013.

Logenius, L. , Engberg, B. A. , Fjellström, H. & Engstrand, P. (2013). Mechanical Properties of Sulphonated Spruce Wood. Paper presented at the 8th Fundamental mechanical pulping research seminar

Logenius, L. , Engberg, B. A. , Nelsson, E. & Engstrand, P. (2013). Mechanical testing methods for evaluation of the mechanical properties of sulphonated wood. Paper presented at the The 17th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry; Vancouver, Canada; 12-14 June 2013

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2013). Nano-ligno-cellulose as strength enhancer in handsheets. Paper presented at the Marcus Wallenberg Prize (MWP 2013) - Young Researchers' Programme, Stockhom , Sweden, 23-24 Sept 2013.

Osong, S. H. , Norgren, S. & Engstrand, P. (2013). Nano-ligno-cellulose from mechanical pulp fines. Paper presented at the European Forest Products Doctoral Symposium 2013

Osong, S. H. , Engstrand, P. & Norgren, S. (2013). New Products based on Mechanical Pulps : Nano-ligno-cellulose (NLC). Paper presented at the 8th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, Åre, Sweden, 29-31 Jan, 2013.

Fjellström, H. , Engstrand, P. & Htun, M. (2013). On the relationship between charged groups, chemical environment and delamination during refining.. Paper presented at the 8th International Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar (IFMPRS), Åre, Sweden, Jan 29-31, 2013

Osong, S. H. , Engstrand, P. & Norgren, S. (2012). A New Concept to Produce Nano-ligno-cellulose Materials by Means of High Pressure Homogenization. Paper presented at the 3rd International Cellulose Conference (ICC 2012), Oct 10-12, Sapporo, Japan.

Fjellström, H. , Engstrand, P. & Htun, M. (2012). Aspects of fibre wall swelling in high-yield pulp.. In PROCEEDING OF THE 4TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON PULPING, PAPERMAKING AND BIOTECHNOLOGY (ICPPB '12), VOLS. I AND II.. pp. 1183--1186.  

Engberg, B. & Berg, J. (2011). A comparative study of models describing high consistency refining. In Proceedings of International Mechanical Pulping Conference.. pp. 96--100.

Hellström, L. , Carlberg, T. , Engstrand, P. , Gradin, P. & Gregersen, Ø. (2011). Collimated chipping technology in order to reduce the energy consumption in mechanical pulping. In Proceeding for International Mechanical Pulping Conference, Xi'an, P.R. of China.. pp. 457--460.

Norgren, S. & Höglund, H. (2011). Consolidation of fibre-fibre bonds in TMP and CTMP based papers. In PROCEEDING OF INTERNATIONAL MECHANICAL PULPING CONFERENCE 2011.. pp. 448--453.

Salmi, A. , Salminen, L. I. , Montonen, R. , Engberg, B. A. , Björkqvist, T. , Haeggström, E. & Lucander, M. (2011). Cyclic impacting of wood results in localized fatigue. In Proceedings of International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2011 (Xi'an, China 2011).

Salminen, L. , Salmi, A. , Engberg, B. A. , Björkqvist, T. , Haeggström, E. & Lucander, M. (2011). Cyclic loading and fatigue of wood. In Progress in Paper Physics Seminar2011 : Conference Proceedings.. pp. 243--245.  

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. , Hellström, P. & Nilsson, P. (2011). Energy efficient production of TMP by using acid hydrogen peroxide: Factors affecting the hydrogen peroxide consumption. In Proceedings of International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2011.. pp. 484--487.

Engstrand, P. (2011). FILLING THE GAP – IMPROVED ENERGYEFFICIENCY AND QUALITY STABILITYIN MECHANICAL PULP REFINING. Paper presented at the International Mechanical Pulping Conference 2011, Xian China

Logenius, L. , Engstrand, P. , Karlström, A. & Paulsson, M. (2011). Improved hydrogen peroxide bleaching of mechanical pulps using carbon dioxide in combination with sodium and magnesium based alkali sources. In 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry - Proceedings, ISWFPC.. pp. 741--745.

Gradin, P. , Berg, J. , Gulliksson, M. & Nyström, S. (2011). Measuring forces in a refiner plate gap. In Proceedings of International Mechanical Pulping Conference.. pp. 81--83.

Nelsson, E. , Hildén, L. , Sandberg, C. , Fernando, D. & Daniel, G. (2011). Mill scale experiences of combined sulphite pre-treatment and high intensity refining of spruce. Paper presented at the International mechanical pulping conference

Sandberg, C. , Sundström, L. , Andersson, S. & Nelsson, E. (2011). New TMP-line improves pulp quality and reduces energy consumption. Paper presented at the International mechanical pulping conference

Fjellström, H. , Engstrand, P. , Granfeldt, T. & Logenius, L. (2011). Predicting CTMP bleachability using wood shavings. In 16th International Symposium on Wood, Fiber and Pulping Chemistry - Proceedings, ISWFPC.. pp. 613--616.    

Muhic, D. , Huhtanen, J. , Sundström, L. , Sandberg, C. , Ullmar, M. & Engstrand, P. (2010). Energy efficiency in double disc chip refining. Influence of intensity by segment design. In Proceedings of the 7th InternationalFundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar, Nanjing, China (2010).. pp. 103--111.

Johnsen, I. , Narvestad, H. , Axelsson, P. , Enberg, S. , Asarød, K. & Kure, K. (2010). Metal induced brightness loss of peroxide bleached TMP. In Proceedings.

Hellström, L. & Engstrand, P. (2010). The effect on the energy consumption in mechanical pulping of different wood chipping conditions. In Proceedings of 7th International Seminar of Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research (IFMPRS 2010).. pp. 124--126.

Hellström, L. M. , Gradin, P. A. & Carlberg, T. (2009). A device for studying wood chipping under realistic conditions. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009. (SPCI meddelande). pp. 252--254.

Reyier, S. , Ferritsius, O. & Ferritsius, R. (2009). BIN - A method to measure the distribution of fiber bonding ability. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 292--297.

Björkqvist, O. , Engstrand, P. & Fridén, H. (2009). Concepts of Steam Recovery from LC-Refining by Increase Temperature. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 190--194.  

Walter, K. , Paulsson, M. & Wackerberg, E. (2009). Energy-efficient refining of Black spruce TMP using acid hydrogen peroxide. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009. Stockholm : . pp. 286--291.

Berg, J. & Gradin, P. A. (2009). Fibre wall crack development. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009. (SPCI meddelande). pp. 340--343.

Muhic, D. , Sundström, L. , Nilsson, L. , Sandberg, C. , Ullmar, M. , Backlund, U. & Engstrand, P. (2009). Influence of temperature on energy efficiency in double disc chip refining. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 344--347.

Nordin, L. , O'Nils, M. , Engstrand, P. , Bäck, R. , Ferritsius, O. & Sandberg, C. (2009). Measurement and prediction of dewatering characteristics for mechanical pulps using optical fibre analyzers. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 309--316.

Engberg, B. A. , Salminen, L. I. , Salmi, A. & Björkqvist, T. (2009). On the importance of fatigue for the rheological properties of wood. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 239--244.

Gorski, D. , Engstrand, P. , Hill, J. & Johansson, L. (2009). Review: Reduction of energy consumption in refining through mechanical pretreatment of wood chips. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 17--21.

Saari, V. , Björkqvist, T. & Engberg, B. A. (2009). Strain distribution in annual rings under compression by high speed photography. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 245--251.

Enberg, S. , Paulsson, M. , Rundlöf, M. , Johnsen, I. A. & Axelsson, P. (2009). The influence of process conditions during pulp storage on the optical properties of Norway spruce high-yield pulps. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 117--121.

Ferritsius, O. , Ferritsius, R. & Reyier, S. (2009). The influence of process design on the distribution of fundamental fibre parameters. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 160--168.

Norgren, S. & Gradin, P. (2009). Using acoustic emission monitoring to evaluate the through the thickness and in plane strength properties. In Proceedings - 2009 International Mechanical Pulping Conference, IMPC 2009.. pp. 298--303.

Hellström, L. M. , Gradin, P. A. & Carlberg, T. (2008). A Study of Fracture processes in Wood Chipping. In 6th Fundamental Mechanical Pulp Research Seminar. Espoo :

Nordin, L. , O'Nils, M. , Engstrand, P. & Sundvall, Ö. (2008). Characterization and classification of dewatering measurement techniques for mechanical pulps. In Proceedings of the PRS, Finland, May 2008..

Norgren, S. , Gradin, P. , Nyström, S. & Gulliksson, M. (2008). Investigation of the Z-direction strength properties of paper by use of acoustic emission monitoring. In 28th European conferance on acoustic emission testing.. pp. 238--243.

Gradin, P. , Graham, D. , Nygård, P. & Vallen, H. (2008). The use of acoustic emission monitoring to rank paper materials with respect to their fracture toughness. In Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics, Inc... pp. 133--137.

Nordin, L. , O´Nils, M. , Engstrand, P. & Sundvall, Ö. (2008). Towards relevant dewatering measurement techniques : Caracterisation and classification of dewatering measurement techniques for mechanical pulps. In FMPRS May 2008.

Isaksson, P. , Gradin, P. & Östlund, S. (2007). A simplified treatise of the Scott bond testing method. In Proceedings of the 2007 International Paper Physics Conference, May 6-11, 2007, Gold Coast, Qld, Australia, 1-6, 2007.

Ferritsius, O. & Rautio, M. (2007). Differences on fibre level between GW and TMP for magazine grades. In International